Introduction
Coffee has become a regular feature in the morning routine for many people across the world. From the delicious aroma to the intense, bitter taste of a strong expresso, coffee is renowned for its numerous health benefits. However, there has been much discussion on exactly how good or bad it is for our long-term health. One area of concern has been whether or not drinking coffee gives you cancer. This article will explore the evidence to answer this question.
What the Studies Say
Multiple trials have been conducted to examine the effects of caffeine consumption on the likelihood of developing cancer. According to a recent meta-analysis of these studies, there is no link between drinking coffee and cancers of the liver, bladder, throat, pancreas, stomach, or colorectal area. While the correlations between coffee consumption and endometrial cancer and thyroid cancer are present, the results are too weak to be considered significant.
That being said, there have been several observational studies which have led to conflicting results. A recurrent theme amongst these studies has been that those who drink coffee almost every day have a slightly higher chance of developing certain types of cancer than those who consume it rarely.
Negative Effects
One trait of coffee which should not be overlooked is its acidity levels. Many types of coffee, particularly brewed variants, have a pH level less than 5, whilst optimal human pH is between 7.35 and 7.45. As such, coffee can disrupt the digestive system when consumed excessively, leading to indigestion, heartburn and other maladies.
Some studies have even suggested that coffee can increase oestrogen levels in women, resulting in an increased chance of developing breast cancer. However, similar correlations were not found in men and the effects were only seen with women over 45, indicating that the impact may be due to age rather than caffeine levels.
Positive Effects
In addition to the lack of link with some forms of cancer, coffee can bring great health benefits; several studies have shown that drinking coffee can reduce your risk of developing type 2 diabetes, heart disease, and stroke. Furthermore, some research points towards its neuroprotective qualities which may help to stave off Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s disease.
It has also been proposed that coffee can reduce inflammation due to its antioxidant properties; the polyphenols present in coffee can protect the body from environmental toxins which can lead to chronic illnesses and cancer.
Conclusion
Despite some claims that drinking coffee could lead to an increased risk of certain forms of cancer, the evidence is not substantial enough to draw any firm conclusions. Therefore, coffee should still be included in a healthy, balanced diet which includes plenty of fresh fruits and vegetables.
Those wishing to reduce the risk of cancer and other chronic diseases should remember to consider the source of their caffeine when choosing a beverage. Organic and natural options without flavourings or added sugar are preferable. Furthermore, excessive coffee consumption should be avoided; two to three cups a day is sufficient to reap the benefits without compromising your health.
