Recent research suggests that drinking hot coffee might cause cancer. The World Health Organization’s International Agency for Research on Cancer classified hot beverages above 65°C as potentially carcinogenic to humans back in 2016. This announcement has sparked debates among scientists, raising the question of what a “too hot” cup of coffee actually means.
In their study, the researchers examined 1,000 adults and noticed that drinking very hot beverages (over 65°C or 149°F) was associated with higher esophageal cancer risks. But these results are controversial, as the amount of data involved in the study was not enough to draw a definitive conclusion.
Most of the scientific evidence about coffee and cancer-risk reduction is related to caffeinated coffee. A 2011 systematic review of coffee consumption and the risk of certain cancers showed that regular caffeine intake is associated with a decreased risk of certain cancers. But it is unclear whether the coffee itself is responsible for the cancer-protective effects or the caffeine.
Experiments conducted with animal models have also been inconclusive. Researchers have been unable to prove with confidence that coffee drinking is a cause of cancer, although some studies have suggested that coffee may interfere with carcinogen detoxification.
At this point, it would be premature to draw a definite conclusion about the connection between hot coffee and cancer. It is important to note that although there is some research suggesting a link between drinking very hot coffee and an increased risk of esophageal cancer, these findings need to be confirmed by further studies.
It is also important to note that the World Health Organization’s classification of hot drinks as possibly carcinogenic only applies to drinks over 65°C. This is a much higher temperature than the average cup of coffee, which is usually around 63°C. As a result, the link between hot coffee and cancer is still unproven and more research is needed to determine whether there is a connection.
Potential Cancer Causing Substances in Coffee
Coffee naturally contains small amounts of carcinogenic substances which can be converted to cancer-causing compounds when heated or when coffee is processed. So it is possible that these compounds in coffee could increase the risk of cancer if the beverages are served at very high temperatures.
The substances in coffee that could pose the greatest cancer risk include acrylamide and PAHs (polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons). Acrylamide is a chemical compound that is produced when coffee beans are roasted, while PAHs are found in smoke, tar, and other combustion sources. It is important to note that while these compounds are present in coffee, they have not been shown to increase the risk of cancer at typical concentrations.
It is also important to note that different brewing methods can produce significantly different levels of these compounds. For example, dark roasted coffee contains higher amounts of acrylamide than light roasted, while cold brew coffee produces the lowest levels of this compound.
Factors That Could Increase Cancer Risk
Apart from the potential carcinogenic substances in coffee, there are other factors that could potentially increase the risk of cancer associated with drinking hot coffee. Some of these factors include lifestyle, genetics, and environmental exposures.
Factors such as smoking, alcohol consumption, diet and physical inactivity can increase the risk of developing cancer. Genetics may also play a role, as some people may be predisposed to developing certain types of cancer. Additionally, exposure to carcinogens from the environment or from certain professions or hobbies could also increase the risk of cancer.
Thus, it is possible that drinking very hot coffee might increase the risk of developing certain types of cancers, but factors such as lifestyle, genetics, and environmental exposures may also play a role.
Potential Benefits of Drinking Hot Coffee
Despite the potential risks of drinking hot coffee, there are also some potential benefits. For example, some studies have suggested that drinking hot coffee can lower the risk of developing certain types of cancers, including non-melanoma skin cancer, colorectal cancer, and prostate cancer.
Coffee is also high in antioxidants, which can help protect the body from damage caused by free radicals. In addition, coffee can help reduce inflammation, which is associated with a number of chronic diseases. Finally, coffee also contains several essential minerals, such as magnesium, potassium, and phosphorus, which can be beneficial for overall health.
Alternatives to Hot Coffee
Given the potential risks of drinking very hot coffee, it is important to consider alternatives that might be safer. One option is cold brew coffee, which is brewed with cold or room-temperature water instead of hot water. Cold brew coffee has a lower acidity level than traditional coffee, and it also contains lower levels of acrylamide and other potentially carcinogenic compounds.
Another option is to drink lukewarm coffee, which is closer to the temperature of cold-brewed coffee. This is a good option for those who still want to enjoy the taste and aroma of freshly brewed coffee. Also, steeping coffee in cold water first before pouring it over hot water may reduce the levels of carcinogenic compounds in the drink.
Health Effects of Regular Coffee Consumption
Although it is still unclear whether or not hot coffee consumption is associated with an increased risk of cancer, past research has shown that regular coffee consumption may have some health benefits. Studies suggest that drinking moderate amounts of coffee (2 to 3 cups a day) can help improve cognitive functioning, reduce the risk of heart disease, and prevent type 2 diabetes.
Coffee also contains beneficial compounds such as chlorogenic acid and cafestol, which may help reduce inflammation and protect against oxidative damage. However, it is important to keep in mind that drinking too much coffee can have adverse effects, such as anxiety, headaches, and insomnia.
Takeaways
In conclusion, it is important to note that the link between drinking hot coffee and cancer is still unproven. There is some research suggesting a link between drinking very hot coffee and an increased risk of esophageal cancer, but more studies are needed to confirm this. It is also important to consider other factors that may increase the risk of developing cancer, such as lifestyle, genetics, and environmental exposures.
At present, it is not clear whether or not drinking hot coffee increases the risk of cancer. But given the potential risks, it is advisable to opt for alternatives such as cold-brewed coffee or lukewarm coffee. Additionally, regular and moderate consumption of coffee has been shown to have some health benefits, so it may not be necessary to completely avoid coffee altogether.
